Since its inception, the Periodic Table of Food Initiative (PTFI) has been developing tools and gathering data on food composition to enhance nutrition. The initiative’s crucial next step will be to make data available for all food system stakeholders to uncover hidden nutritional insights and drive innovations for human and planetary health. In the last installment of our series on the PTFI, Nutrition Insight delves into the complexities of translating food composition data into actionable insights. We meet with Selena Ahmed, PTFI’s global director, and Mariana Barboza, research program manager for the Innovation Institute for Food and Health at the University of California (UC), Davis, US.